The Nobel Prize

Is a collection of annual international awards awarded by several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of scientific, cultural or scientific progress.

The will of Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel was founded in 1895. Prizes in chemistry, literature, peace, physics, physiology or medicine were first granted in 1901. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Swedish Central Bank) founded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Science In the memory of Alfred Nobel, known as the Nobel Prize in Economics. The Nobel Prize is widely regarded as one of the most important prizes available in the fields of literature, medicine, physics, peace, chemistry and economics.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Physics, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Science in memory of Alfred Nobel; the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded by the Nobel Society at the Karolinska Institute; the Swedish Academy awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature; The Nobel Peace Prize is not given by a Swedish organization but by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

Between 1901 and 2017, Nobel prizes including economic awards were awarded 585 times to 923 individuals and organizations. With more than one Nobel Prize, this makes a total of 24 organizations and 892 people. The awards are held annually in Stockholm, Sweden (with the exception of the Peace Prize, held in Oslo, Norway). Each recipient or holder receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money decided by the Nobel Foundation. (As of 2017, each prize is worth SEK 9,000,000 or about US $ 1,110,000.

The award is not awarded after his death; however, if the person is awarded a prize and dies before receiving it, the prize may be presented. Although the average number of award winners has increased significantly during the 20th century, the prize can not be shared among more than three people, although the Nobel Peace Prize can be awarded to organizations with more than three people.